5 publications mentioning ame-mir-9a

Open access articles that are associated with the species Apis mellifera and mention the gene name mir-9a. Click the [+] symbols to view sentences that include the gene name, or the word cloud on the right for a summary.

1

Mir-9a is also expressed at high levels in epithelial cells adjacent to SOPs in proneural clusters, suppressing sens through miRNA/target interactions in the sens 3' UTR, and inhibiting neuronal fate in non-SOP cells [29].

Candidate loci ame-mir-9a, C3345, and C5152 were more strongly expressed in worker abdomens, while C1504 and ame-mir-71 were more strongly expressed in queen abdomens.

For instance, we find that ame-mir-9a is among the most strongly caste-biased miRNAs, with much higher expression levels in adult worker thorax and abdomen than similar queen tissues, but higher levels of mir-9a occur in queen pupae (Figure 1).

Of these SLS predictions, only ame-mir-9a and C5152 were tested for expression by RT-PCR, and both were validated.

Interestingly, mir-9a controls sensory organ precursors (SOPs) in Drosophila, with loss of mir-9a function resulting in ectopic production of SOPs, while overexpression of mir-9a yields a severe diminution of SOPs.

The SLS output contained five predictions with significant similarity to the HOM output (ame-mir-13a, ame-mir-276, ame-mir-305, ame-mir-92 and ame-mir-9a) and only two predictions with significant similarity to the top 25 MCE candidates, both of which were variants of C5152.

This suggests possible roles for ame-mir-9a in influencing caste differences in honey bees.

Ame-mir-9a.

2

This implies loss of an enhancer element(s) for directed expression in ventral mesoderm in the honeybee, as mesodermal expression is also found in vertebrates suggesting it is a more ancient pattern for mir-1. Mir-9a is a conserved microRNA in sequence but with differing functions in invertebrates and vertebrates.

This implies loss of an enhancer element(s) for directed expression in ventral mesoderm in the honeybee, as mesodermal expression is also found in vertebrates suggesting it is a more ancient pattern for mir-1. Mir-9a is a conserved microRNA in sequence but with differing functions in invertebrates and vertebrates.

In vertebrates, mir-9a has a quite different role in positively regulating neurogenesis, indicating that both its expression and function has changed significantly in the vertebrate group or this developmental role of mir-9a is particular to the insect group.

Sequencing data indicated that Ame-mir-9a was expressed (Table 1) during honeybee early development.

In vertebrates, however, while mir-9a is expressed in the developing brain it has a differing role, positively regulating neurogenesis [35, 36].

In situ hybridisation at stage 5, just prior to gastrulation, detected mir-9a throughout the head ectoderm, and then in broad ectodermal stripes across the middle of the embryo to the posterior terminus (Figure 2G).

3

Our analysis revealed that a proportion of these miRNAs are expressed during early embryogenesis, including ame- iab-4-5p in the diploid embryos, ame- mir-92a-3p in the haploid embryos, ame- mir-9a-3p in the diploid embryos, and ame- mir-11-3p and 5p in both types of embryos (Fig 3), and its predicted function is the degradation of maternal genes, Hox gene regulation, and chromatin accessibility [66].

In Drosophila, Zelda regulates mir-9a, mir-92a, mir-11 and iab-4 [66].

4

Many of the miRNAs affected by EcR knockdown in honeybees (let-7, miR-1, miR-9a, miR-12, miR-14, miR-34, miR-79, miR-92b, miR-124, miR-184, miR-210, miR-219, miR-263a, miR-276, miR-279, miR-283, miR-305, miR-306, miR-316, miR-317) have previously been reported as putatively involved in the regulation of D. melanogaster immune genes, particularly those belonging to the JNK, Imd and Toll signaling pathways (Fullaondo and Lee, 2012).

5

Specifically, the Northern blots showed that the homologues of four miRNAs associated with queen-worker caste determination in A. mellifera (Ame-miR-9a, -184, -71 and -275; Supplementary Table S1) were not differentially expressed between queen- and worker-destined larvae in B. terrestris (Fig. 2).