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miR-150 is a family of microRNA precursors found in mammals, including humans. The ~22 nucleotide mature miRNA sequence is excised from the precursor hairpin by the enzyme Dicer. This sequence then associates with RISC which effects RNA interference.
miR-150 functions in hematopoiesis; it regulates genes whose downstream products encourage differentiating stem cells towards becoming megakaryocytes rather than erythrocytes. It is also thought to control B and T cell differentiation, alongside mir-155.
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miR-150 is a family of microRNA precursors found in mammals, including humans. The ~22 nucleotide mature miRNA sequence is excised from the precursor hairpin by the enzyme Dicer.[1] This sequence then associates with RISC which effects RNA interference.[2]
miR-150 functions in hematopoiesis; it regulates genes whose downstream products encourage differentiating stem cells towards becoming megakaryocytes rather than erythrocytes.[3][4] It is also thought to control B and T cell differentiation, alongside mir-155.[5][6]
[edit] Expression
The expression pattern of miR-150 varies during the differentiation of a hematopoietic stem cell lineage. Highest expression levels occur in mature, resting B and T cells but miR-150 is downregulated in their progenitor cells, including Th1 and Th2 cells.[5]
[edit] Role in cancer
miR-150 has been linked with a number of cancers. It is thought to promote cancer cell proliferation in gastric cancer and has also been found to be more than 50x overexpressed in osteosarcoma.[7] In malignant lymphoma, however, miR-150 is significantly downregulated in tumour cells relative to healthy cells.[8]
[edit] Applications
miR-150 levels in blood plasma can be indicative of early sepsis; it could have a future use therapeutically in treating the condition.[9] In addition, miR-150 is one of a number of microRNAs whose expression profile could be used as a biomarker of hepatocellular carcinoma.[10]
[edit] References
- ^ Ambros, V (2001-12-28). "microRNAs: tiny regulators with great potential.". Cell 107 (7): 823–6. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(01)00616-X. PMID 11779458.
- ^ Gregory, RI; Chendrimada, TP, Cooch, N, Shiekhattar, R (2005-11-18). "Human RISC couples microRNA biogenesis and posttranscriptional gene silencing.". Cell 123 (4): 631–40. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2005.10.022. PMID 16271387.
- ^ Lu, Jun; Guo, Shangqin; Ebert, Benjamin L.; Zhang, Hao; Peng, Xiao; Bosco, Jocelyn; Pretz, Jennifer; Schlanger, Rita et al. (2008). "MicroRNA-Mediated Control of Cell Fate in Megakaryocyte-Erythrocyte Progenitors". Developmental Cell 14 (6): 843–53. doi:10.1016/j.devcel.2008.03.012. PMC 2688789. PMID 18539114. //www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2688789/.
- ^ Edelstein, LC; Bray, PF (2011-05-19). "MicroRNAs in platelet production and activation". Blood 117 (20): 5289–96. doi:10.1182/blood-2011-01-292011. PMC 3109704. PMID 21364189. //www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3109704/.
- ^ a b Vasilatou, D; Papageorgiou, S, Pappa, V, Papageorgiou, E, Dervenoulas, J (2010-01-01). "The role of microRNAs in normal and malignant hematopoiesis". European journal of haematology 84 (1): 1–16. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0609.2009.01348.x. PMID 19744129.
- ^ Garzon, R; Croce, CM (2008 Jul). "MicroRNAs in normal and malignant hematopoiesis". Current opinion in hematology 15 (4): 352–8. doi:10.1097/MOH.0b013e328303e15d. PMID 18536574.
- ^ Lulla, RR; Costa, FF, Bischof, JM, Chou, PM, de F Bonaldo, M, Vanin, EF, Soares, MB (2011). "Identification of Differentially Expressed MicroRNAs in Osteosarcoma". Sarcoma 2011: 732690. doi:10.1155/2011/732690. PMC 3140035. PMID 21789031. //www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3140035/.
- ^ Watanabe, A; Tagawa, H, Yamashita, J, Teshima, K, Nara, M, Iwamoto, K, Kume, M, Kameoka, Y, Takahashi, N, Nakagawa, T, Shimizu, N, Sawada, K (2011 Aug). "The role of microRNA-150 as a tumor suppressor in malignant lymphoma". Leukemia : official journal of the Leukemia Society of America, Leukemia Research Fund, U.K 25 (8): 1324–34. doi:10.1038/leu.2011.81. PMID 21502955.
- ^ Vasilescu, C; Rossi, S, Shimizu, M, Tudor, S, Veronese, A, Ferracin, M, Nicoloso, MS, Barbarotto, E, Popa, M, Stanciulea, O, Fernandez, MH, Tulbure, D, Bueso-Ramos, CE, Negrini, M, Calin, GA (2009-10-12). Gold, Jeffrey A. ed. "MicroRNA fingerprints identify miR-150 as a plasma prognostic marker in patients with sepsis". PLoS ONE 4 (10): e7405. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0007405. PMC 2756627. PMID 19823581. //www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2756627/.
- ^ Magrelli, A; Azzalin, G, Salvatore, M, Viganotti, M, Tosto, F, Colombo, T, Devito, R, Di Masi, A, Antoccia, A, Lorenzetti, S, Maranghi, F, Mantovani, A, Tanzarella, C, Macino, G, Taruscio, D (2009-08-18). "Altered microRNA Expression Patterns in Hepatoblastoma Patients". Translational oncology 2 (3): 157–63. PMC 2730135. PMID 19701500. //www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2730135/.
[edit] Further reading
- Tsitsiou, E; Lindsay, MA (2009 Aug). "microRNAs and the immune response". Current Opinion in Pharmacology 9 (4): 514–20. doi:10.1016/j.coph.2009.05.003. PMC 2742742. PMID 19525145. //www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2742742/.
- Jiang, X; Huang, H; Li, Z; Li, Y; Wang, X; Gurbuxani, S; Chen, P; He, C; You, D; Zhang, S; Wang, J; Arnovitz, S; Elkahloun, A; Price, C; Hong, GM; Ren, H; Kunjamma, RB; Neilly, MB; Matthews, JM; Xu, M; Larson, RA; Le Beau, MM; Slany, RK; Liu, PP; Lu, J; Zhang, J; He, C; Chen, J (2012 Oct 16). "Blockade of miR-150 maturation by MLL-fusion/MYC/LIN-28 is required for MLL-associated leukemia.". Cancer cell 22 (4): 524–35. PMID 23079661.
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