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miR-134 is a family of microRNA precursors found in mammals, including humans. MicroRNAs are typically transcribed as ~70 nucleotide precursors and subsequently processed by the Dicer enzyme to give a ~22 nucleotide product. The excised region or, mature product, of the miR-134 precursor is the microRNA mir-134.
miR-134 was one of a number of microRNAs found to be increasingly expressed in schizophrenia.
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miR-134 is a family of microRNA precursors found in mammals, including humans.[1] MicroRNAs are typically transcribed as ~70 nucleotide precursors and subsequently processed by the Dicer enzyme to give a ~22 nucleotide product.[2] The excised region or, mature product, of the miR-134 precursor is the microRNA mir-134.
miR-134 was one of a number of microRNAs found to be increasingly expressed in schizophrenia.[3]
[edit] Functions
miR-134 is a brain-specific microRNA; in rats it is localised specifically in hippocampal neurons and may indirectly regulate synaptic development through antisense pairing with LIMK1 mRNA.[4][5] In the human brain, SIRT1 is thought to mediate CREB protein through miR-134, giving the microRNA a role in higher brain functions such a memory formation.[6]
miR-134 has also been reported to function in mouse embryonic stem cells as part of a complex network regulating their differentiation.[7]
[edit] Applications
miR-134 levels in circulating blood could potentially be used as a peripheral biomarker for bipolar disorder.[8]
[edit] References
- ^ Landgraf, P; Rusu, M, Sheridan, R, Sewer, A, Iovino, N, Aravin, A, Pfeffer, S, Rice, A et al. (2007 Jun 29). "A mammalian microRNA expression atlas based on small RNA library sequencing.". Cell 129 (7): 1401–14. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2007.04.040. PMC 2681231. PMID 17604727. //www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2681231.
- ^ Ambros, V (2001). "microRNAs: tiny regulators with great potential". Cell 107 (7): 823–826. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(01)00616-X. PMID 11779458.
- ^ Santarelli, DM; Beveridge, NJ, Tooney, PA, Cairns, MJ (2011 Jan 15). "Upregulation of dicer and microRNA expression in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex Brodmann area 46 in schizophrenia.". Biological Psychiatry 69 (2): 180–7. doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2010.09.030. PMID 21111402.
- ^ Schratt, GM; Tuebing, F, Nigh, EA, Kane, CG, Sabatini, ME, Kiebler, M, Greenberg, ME (2006 Jan 19). "A brain-specific microRNA regulates dendritic spine development.". Nature 439 (7074): 283–9. doi:10.1038/nature04367. PMID 16421561.
- ^ Tai, HC; Schuman, EM (2006 Feb 21). "MicroRNA: microRNAs reach out into dendrites.". Current biology : CB 16 (4): R121-3. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2006.02.006. PMID 16488859.
- ^ Gao, J; Wang, WY, Mao, YW, Gräff, J, Guan, JS, Pan, L, Mak, G, Kim, D, Su, SC, Tsai, LH (2010 Aug 26). "A novel pathway regulates memory and plasticity via SIRT1 and miR-134.". Nature 466 (7310): 1105–9. doi:10.1038/nature09271. PMC 2928875. PMID 20622856. //www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2928875.
- ^ Tay, YM; Tam, WL, Ang, YS, Gaughwin, PM, Yang, H, Wang, W, Liu, R, George, J, Ng, HH, Perera, RJ, Lufkin, T, Rigoutsos, I, Thomson, AM, Lim, B (2008 Jan). "MicroRNA-134 modulates the differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells, where it causes post-transcriptional attenuation of Nanog and LRH1.". Stem cells (Dayton, Ohio) 26 (1): 17–29. doi:10.1634/stemcells.2007-0295. PMID 17916804.
- ^ Rong, H; Liu, TB, Yang, KJ, Yang, HC, Wu, DH, Liao, CP, Hong, F, Yang, HZ, Wan, F, Ye, XY, Xu, D, Zhang, X, Chao, CA, Shen, QJ (2011 Jan). "MicroRNA-134 plasma levels before and after treatment for bipolar mania.". Journal of Psychiatric Research 45 (1): 92–5. doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2010.04.028. PMID 20546789.
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